This article discusses a non-linear Timoshenko beam element with axial, bending, and shear force interaction for nonlinear analysis of reinforced concrete structures. The structural material tangent stifness matrix, which relates the increments of load to corresponding increments of displacement, is properly formulated. Appropriate simplifed cyclic uniaxial constitutive laws are developed for cracked concrete in compression and tension. The model also includes the softening efect of the concrete due to lateral tensile strain. .
Ravi Mullapudi, Ph.D., P.E., co-authored this paper in the International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials with Ashraf Ayoub in October 2018.
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